Refactoring is the process of restructuring existing code without changing what it does. The program behaves exactly the same before and after — the difference is in how the code is organised.
Why Refactor#
Code that works isn’t always code that’s easy to read, change, or extend. As programs grow, a structure that made sense early on can become cluttered and hard to follow. Refactoring is how you keep the code clean as it evolves.